The days of the 2G and 3G networks are numbered in many European countries. Their shutdown – also known as sunset – is on the horizon. (Photo: © jannka3147/123RF.com)
June 2024
Switzerland has it already behind it. For many other European countries, the shutdown of the 2G network is yet to come. This will affect the emergency call systems in lifts.
by Bernd Lorenz
Silvia Glaus-Zinder was surprised by the query of LIFTjournal. "We’re usually slower than our neighbours. For us, the shutdown of the 2G network is long gone," explained the managing director of the Association of Swiss Lift Companies (VSA). The final switch-off took place in April 2021.
In Switzerland, the lift sector and lift operators had a lengthy period to prepare for the conversion of the emergency call systems. "The biggest provider, Swisscom, had already contacted us in 2015, which meant we could begin to raise awareness at an early date," Silvia Glaus-Zinder recalled. An estimated 100,000 out of 250,000 lifts in Switzerland were affected by the 2G switch-off. Thanks to the good cooperation with the three network operators, Swisscom, Sunrise and Salt, the conversion "went off without a hitch".
By contrast, there will be much less time for the conversion in Sweden. The sector organisation, TechSverige, and the four mobile communications network operators launched the campaign BytNätNu in 2024 to provide information on the impending switch-off of 2G and 3G at the end of 2025.
Many emergency lift call systems operate with 2G technology. Manufacturers have for some time been investigating the scenario their customers can expect upon the switch-off of the 2G network. However, a switch-off of the mobile communications network operators at short notice would probably find them, as well as others, largely unprepared.
"Without advance notice, the existing material and production capacities would quickly come up against their limits," Michael Puttrus, managing director of Safeline Germany, already warned last year in the article "Two years until potential GSM shutdown". In addition, the capacities of the installation companies and the decision-making processes of the lift operators also had to be taken into account.
In Germany, Deutsche Telekom, Vodafone and o2 Telefónica already switched off their 3G networks in 2021. 2G was only to remain available until 2025. However, according to the three mobile communications suppliers, this date no longer applies.
"Vodafone expects that the switch off of the 2G technology will occur in phases up to the end of 2030," explained a spokesman of the group in response to our query. The exact schedule might vary a little from country to country. Vodafone pledged that a smooth transition from 2G to other networks would be guaranteed.
In March 2024, Deutsche Telekom was not yet able to give a specific date for the shutdown of the 2G network. Since October 2024, it has been clear that it will probably be switched off completely by 30 June 2028. At o2 Telefónica, 2G will for the time being remain the basic network for mobile telephony and SMS, a spokesman of the mobile communications network provider stated in response to a LIFTjournal query in March 2024.
Both companies recommend their customers adopt a future-proof setup. The spokesperson of Deutsche Telekom had the following advice, "When making new acquisitions and scheduled replacements, devices or services should support modern technologies, such as 4G/LTE and 5G." The spokesperson of o2 Telefónica added, "By switching to terminals with 4G/5G or featuring Voice-over-LTE functionality for mobile telephony using the 4G/LTE network, customers are investing in a powerful, efficient and futureproof network."
And what is the situation in the neighbouring country of Austria? "In Austria, GSM (2G) serves as a basic or access network for elementary mobile services, such as telephony, SMS and data services with low data volumes. Consequently, Magenta Telekom currently has no plans to stop supporting 2G services. They will remain until at least 2030," explained a spokesperson of the company.
This connection will also remain active at A1 Telekom Austria until further notice. By contrast, the 3G network will be gradually phased out by the end of 2025. According to the press office of "Hutchison Drei Austria", there were likewise "no plans" for switching off 2G. 3G was something else. By the end of this year, 3G/UMTS is to be successively switched off from region to region to make room for 5G.
Silvia Glaus-Zinder has a tip for the lift sector of countries where the switch-off of 2G and 3G is impending. "Get into contact with the network operators early on and let the lift owners know that the witch-off and costs associated with the emergency call systems’ conversion is not your decision," advised the VSA managing director.
After all, the reason for the switch-off was that that due to the increasing growth of the data volumes transmitted, the network operators were making alternative use of the frequencies that had become free. "Watching smartphone videos or reading the paper requires corresponding resources."
Plans exist in various European countries to switch off the 2G/GSM network and/or the 3G/UMTS network. The staff of the LIFTjournal enquired at the national regulatory authorities for telecommunications and/or the mobile communications network operators regarding their switch-off schedules. No information or only incomplete data were available to us for the countries not listed in this overview. We are endeavoring to complete the overview.
2G/GSM: no specific date for the switch-off
3G/UMTS: phased 2025
2G/GSM: no specific date for the switch-off
3G/UMTS: switch-off by end of 2024
2G/GSM: will be preserved until at least 2030
3G/UMTS: switch-off 2024
Source: 1 Information of the mobile communications network operators
2G/GSM: active until at least the end of 2027
3G/UMTS: switch-off in the course of 2025
2G/GSM: active until at least the end of 2027
3G/UMTS: probably by the end of 2024
2G/GSM: active until at least the end of 2027
3G/UMTS: switch-off from September 2024
Source: 2 Information of the national regulatory authorities for telecommunications
2G/GSM: switch-off after the 3G switch-off
3G/UMTS: switch-off is being reviewed, but there is no specific date yet
2G/GSM: switch-off after the 3G switch-off
3G/UMTS: switch-off is being reviewed, but there is no specific date yet
2G/GSM: switch-off after the 3G switch-off
3G/UMTS: switch-off is being reviewed, but there is no specific date yet
Source: 2 Information of the national regulatory authorities for telecommunications
2G/GSM: no plans for the switch-off
3G/UMTS: switch-off is planned for the next few years, but there is no specific date yet
2G/GSM: no switch-off planned
3G/UMTS: switch-off by January 2025
2G/GSM: switch-off not yet decided
3G/UMTS: switch-off not yet decided
Source: 1 Information of the mobile communications network operators; 2 Information of the national regulatory authorities for telecommunications
2G/GSM: operation must be maintained until 30 June 2028
3G/UMTS: switched-off
2G/GSM: operation must be maintained until 30 June 2028
3G/UMTS: switched-off
2G/GSM: operation must be maintained until 30 June 2028
3G/UMTS: switched-off
Source: 2 Information of the national regulatory authorities for telecommunications
2G/GSM: no specific date for the switch-off; if a switch-off does occur, it should be announced two to three years in advance
3G/UMTS: switched-off
2G/GSM: switch-off until 2030
3G/UMTS: switched-off
2G/GSM: no service
3G/UMTS: expected in 2025 or 2026
Source: 1 Information of the mobile communications network operators
2G/GSM: switch-off expected by 2030
3G/UMTS: switch-off planned
2G/GSM: no switch-off planned at present; possibly after 2030
3G/UMTS: switch-off planned by the end of 2025
2G/GSM: switch-off expected by 2030
3G/UMTS: switch-off planned
Source: 1 Information of the mobile communications network operators; 2 Information of the national regulatory authorities for telecommunications
2G/GSM: to be maintained by the end of 2029
3G/UMTS: switch-off January 2024; switch-off of the shared network of DNA and Telia Finland in east and north Finland in the course of 2024
2G/GSM: to be maintained by the end of 2029
3G/UMTS: switched-off
2G/GSM: to be maintained by the end of 2029
3G/UMTS: switch-off in the course of 2024; switch-off on the Åland Islands planned for 2024
2G/GSM: switch-off planned for 2024
3G/UMTS: no switch-off planned
Source: 1 Information of the mobile communications network operators; 2 Information of the national regulatory authorities for telecommunications
2G/GSM: switch-off 2026
3G/UMTS: switch-off 2029
2G/GSM: switch-off by the end of 2025
3G/UMTS: switch-off by the end of 2028
2G/GSM: switch-off 2026
3G/UMTS: switch-off 2028
Source: 1 Information of the mobile communications network operators; 4 Report of the Body of European Regulators for Electronic Communications (BEREC) of June 2023
2G/GSM: switched-off planned until 30 June 2028
3G/UMTS: switched-off
2G/GSM: no specific date for the switch-off
3G/UMTS: switched-off
2G/GSM: phased switch-off planned by the end of 2030
3G/UMTS: switched-off
Source: 1 Information of the mobile communications network operators
2G/GSM: no concrete plan for the switch-off, but it should be completed by 2033 at the latest
3G/UMTS: switched-off
2G/GSM: no concrete plan for the switch-off, but it should be completed by 2033 at the latest
3G/UMTS: switch-off expected until the end of 2024
2G/GSM: no concrete plan for the switch-off, but it should be completed by 2033 at the latest
3G/UMTS: switch-off 2025
2G/GSM: no concrete plan for the switch-off, but it should be completed by 2033 at the latest
3G/UMTS: switched-off
Source: 2 Information of the national regulatory authorities for telecommunications
2G/GSM: no specific date for the switch-off
3G/UMTS: switched-off
2G/GSM: Vodafone intends to phase out this technology from 2030. The precise timing will vary country-by-country.
3G/UMTS: switched-off
Source: 1 Information of the mobile communications network operators
2G/GSM: in operation until further notice
3G/UMTS: switched-off
2G/GSM: in operation until further notice
3G/UMTS: switched-off
2G/GSM: in operation until further notice
3G/UMTS: switched-off
Source: 4 Report of the Body of European Regulators for Electronic Communications (BEREC) of June 2023
2G/GSM: probably the end of 2024
3G/UMTS: probably the end of 2025
2G/GSM: planned switch-off by the end of 2025
3G/UMTS: planned switch-off by the end of 2025
2G/GSM: planned switch-off by the end of 2025
3G/UMTS: planned switch-off by the end of 2025
Source: 1 Information of the mobile communications network operators; 2 Information of the national regulatory authorities for telecommunications
2G/GSM: no switch-off notified to the national regulatory authority for telecommunications ComReg to date
3G/UMTS: no switch-off notified to the national regulatory authority for telecommunications ComReg to date
2G/GSM: no switch-off notified to the national regulatory authority for telecommunications ComReg to date
3G/UMTS: no switch-off notified to the national regulatory authority for telecommunications ComReg to date
2G/GSM: no switch-off notified to the national regulatory authority for telecommunications ComReg to date
3G/UMTS: currently switch-off in phases
Source: 2 Information of the national regulatory authorities for telecommunications
2G/GSM: no switch-off planned
3G/UMTS: switched-off
2G/GSM: Information on the switch-off is currently not available as Vodafone Italia is to be sold to Swisscom.
3G/UMTS: switched-off
Source: 1 Information of the mobile communications network operators
2G/GSM: switch-off is planned, but no specific date has been announced yet
3G/UMTS: no plans for switch-off known
2G/GSM: technology will be phased out in the future, but no concrete decision has yet been made on when it will be shut down
3G/UMTS: phased shutdown until the end of October 2024
2G/GSM: switch-off is planned, but no specific date has been announced yet
3G/UMTS: phased switch-off already underway in regions with good 2G, 4G or 5G coverage
Source: 1 Information of the mobile communications network operators; 2 Information of the national regulatory authorities for telecommunications
2G/GSM: switched-off
3G/UMTS: switch-off not before 2027
2G/GSM: switched-off
3G/UMTS: switch-off end 2025
2G/GSM: no switch-off planned (yet)
3G/UMTS: will be switched off successively
Source: 5 Information of the Office for Communication of the Principality of Liechtenstein
2G/GSM: switch-off planned by the end of 2029
3G/UMTS: switched-off
Source: 1 Information of the mobile communications network operators
2G/GSM: phase-out by 2030 at the latest
3G/UMTS: switch-off until 2025
Source: 1 Information of the mobile communications network operators
2G/GSM: switch-off by December 1, 2025
3G/UMTS: switched-off
2G/GSM: switched-off
3G/UMTS: no specific date for the switch-off
2G/GSM: will be preserved until at least the end of 2026
3G/UMTS: switched-off
Source: 1 Information of the mobile communications network operators
2G/GSM: switch-off from 2026
3G/UMTS: switched-off
2G/GSM: switch-off in the course of 2025
3G/UMTS: switched-off
Source: 1 Information of the mobile communications network operators
2G/GSM: phase-out by 2030 at the latest
3G/UMTS: switch-off by 2025
2G/GSM: no switch-off until 2030
3G/UMTS: planned switch-off by 2030
2G/GSM: no switch-off until 2030
3G/UMTS: planned switch-off by 2030
2G/GSM: no switch-off until 2030
3G/UMTS: switched-off
Source: 1 Information of the mobile communications network operators; 2 Information of the national regulatory authorities for telecommunications
2G/GSM: no switch-off planned
3G/UMTS: switched-off
2G/GSM: no switch-off planned
3G/UMTS: will be gradually shut down from June 2024
2G/GSM: no switch-off planned
3G/UMTS: will expire from July 2024
Source: 1 Information of the mobile communications network operators; 2 Information of the national regulatory authorities for telecommunications
2G/GSM: phase-out by 2030 at the latest
3G/UMTS: switch-off until 2025
Source: 1 Information of the mobile communications network operators
2G/GSM: no plans for the switch-off
3G/UMTS: to be switched-off in 2025
Source: 1 Information of the mobile communications network operators
2G/GSM: phase-out by 2030 at the latest
3G/UMTS: switch-off until 2025
Source: 1 Information of the mobile communications network operators
2G/GSM: no plans for the switch-off
3G/UMTS: switched-off
2G/GSM: no service
3G/UMTS: in operation until further notice
2G/GSM: no switch-off planned in the next few years
3G/UMTS: switched-off
2G/GSM: no switch-off planned in the next few years
3G/UMTS: in operation until further notice
Source: 1 Information of the mobile communications network operators; 2 Information of the national regulatory authorities for telecommunications
2G/GSM: phase-out by 2030 at the latest
3G/UMTS: switch-off until 2025
2G/GSM: switch-off expected around 2026-2030
3G/UMTS: switch-off expected around 2026-2030, starting with 3G
2G/GSM: no switch-off planned
3G/UMTS: will be switched-off by 2025 at the latest
Source: 1 Information of the mobile communications network operators
2G/GSM: switch-off by end of 2025
3G/UMTS: switch-off by end of 2025
2G/GSM: switch-off by end of 2025
3G/UMTS: switch-off by end of 2025
2G/GSM: switch-off by end of 2025
3G/UMTS: switch-off by end of 2025
2G/GSM: switch-off by end of 2025
3G/UMTS: switch-off by end of 2025
2G/GSM: switched-off
3G/UMTS: no specific time plan for the switch-off
2G/GSM: switched-off
3G/UMTS: mid-2025
2G/GSM: switched-off
3G/UMTS: switch-off end 2025
Source: 1 Information of the mobile communications network operators
As of: 23.10.2024
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